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A dietary supplement that has come into favour with athletes and fitness fanatics is caffeine gum, which says it is good for improved performance, more alertness and convenience in potentially having a bettered performance. Caffeine gum is just what it … Read More

Acute sleep deprivation (ASD) significantly reduces overall athletic performance, through increased energy consumption and impaired re-synthesis after exercise.Partial sleep deprivation (PSDE) has the most significant negative impact on performance, while sleep deprivation (SD) has less impact. This reduction in energy … Read More

When exploring the sports nutrition aisle these days, it’s no surprise that there is a lot of confusion about which products are best. While many athletes question the necessity, benefits, and additional costs of new solutions, the majority simply want … Read More

A warm-up routine significantly enhances training performance by preparing the body both physically and mentally for the demands of the activity. A well-planned warm-up has the potential to not only prepare athletes physically and mentally, but also to reduce the … Read More

Dynamical correspondence is a principle that highlights the potential of training activities to directly translate to the specific movements used in sports.  According to Walker (2023) this can simply be described as the ‘transfer effect’, or ‘transferability’ of training. The … Read More

The stretch shortening cycle (SSC) is a fundamental concept in sports science that defines the process muscles undergo during eccentric (lengthening) followed by concentric (shortening) contractions. According to Radák ( 2018) the shortening cycle can be defined as a phenomenon … Read More

During exercise, the body’s oxygen consumption increases dramatically, resulting in an increase in free radicals and reactive oxygen species. While these molecules are necessary for signalling, excessive accumulation can cause oxidative damage to cells, proteins, and DNA. This phenomenon, known … Read More

Undoubtedly, maintaining proper electrolyte balance is crucial in sports. The composition comprises sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and other essential elements. Electrolytes assist in regulating an athlete’s hydration levels, stabilising their nervous and muscular systems, and ensuring proper cellular functioning.   … Read More

Cold adaptation, which is characterised by decreased sympathetic nervous activation, may improve performance by preserving blood flow (Tyler et al., 2016). Extended training in cold environments may also alter metabolic responses and thermo-behavioural aspects of exercise (Tyler et al., 2015). … Read More

Walking and running are both types of aerobic exercise that have several health advantages and increase total energy expenditure. However, they differ in intensity, duration, and energy expenditure per unit of time. Intensity: Walking is often a low- to moderate-intensity … Read More